The Industrial Revolution spread beyond Britain because its technological innovations, such as mechanized production and improved transportation, were highly profitable and adaptable to other regions. Countries in Europe and North America adopted these advancements to compete economically, supported by access to resources, capital investment, and growing global trade networks. Knowledge transfer through skilled workers, engineers, and industrial espionage also played a key role, while governments encouraged industrial growth to strengthen national power. As a result, industrialization expanded internationally, transforming economies from agrarian to industrial systems and reshaping global production and labor structures.

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